Files
uarep-ctl/modbus/pymodbus/client/sync.py

780 lines
28 KiB
Python

import socket
import select
import serial
import time
import ssl
import sys
from functools import partial
from pymodbus.constants import Defaults
from pymodbus.utilities import hexlify_packets, ModbusTransactionState
from pymodbus.factory import ClientDecoder
from pymodbus.exceptions import NotImplementedException, ParameterException
from pymodbus.exceptions import ConnectionException
from pymodbus.transaction import FifoTransactionManager
from pymodbus.transaction import DictTransactionManager
from pymodbus.transaction import ModbusSocketFramer, ModbusBinaryFramer
from pymodbus.transaction import ModbusAsciiFramer, ModbusRtuFramer
from pymodbus.transaction import ModbusTlsFramer
from pymodbus.client.common import ModbusClientMixin
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Logging
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
import logging
_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# The Synchronous Clients
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
class BaseModbusClient(ModbusClientMixin):
"""
Inteface for a modbus synchronous client. Defined here are all the
methods for performing the related request methods. Derived classes
simply need to implement the transport methods and set the correct
framer.
"""
def __init__(self, framer, **kwargs):
""" Initialize a client instance
:param framer: The modbus framer implementation to use
"""
self.framer = framer
self.transaction = DictTransactionManager(self, **kwargs)
self._debug = False
self._debugfd = None
self.broadcast_enable = kwargs.get('broadcast_enable', Defaults.broadcast_enable)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Client interface
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def connect(self):
""" Connect to the modbus remote host
:returns: True if connection succeeded, False otherwise
"""
raise NotImplementedException("Method not implemented by derived class")
def close(self):
""" Closes the underlying socket connection
"""
pass
def is_socket_open(self):
"""
Check whether the underlying socket/serial is open or not.
:returns: True if socket/serial is open, False otherwise
"""
raise NotImplementedException(
"is_socket_open() not implemented by {}".format(self.__str__())
)
def send(self, request):
if self.state != ModbusTransactionState.RETRYING:
_logger.debug("New Transaction state 'SENDING'")
self.state = ModbusTransactionState.SENDING
return self._send(request)
def _send(self, request):
""" Sends data on the underlying socket
:param request: The encoded request to send
:return: The number of bytes written
"""
raise NotImplementedException("Method not implemented by derived class")
def recv(self, size):
return self._recv(size)
def _recv(self, size):
""" Reads data from the underlying descriptor
:param size: The number of bytes to read
:return: The bytes read
"""
raise NotImplementedException("Method not implemented by derived class")
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Modbus client methods
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def execute(self, request=None):
"""
:param request: The request to process
:returns: The result of the request execution
"""
if not self.connect():
raise ConnectionException("Failed to connect[%s]" % (self.__str__()))
return self.transaction.execute(request)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# The magic methods
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def __enter__(self):
""" Implement the client with enter block
:returns: The current instance of the client
"""
if not self.connect():
raise ConnectionException("Failed to connect[%s]" % (self.__str__()))
return self
def __exit__(self, klass, value, traceback):
""" Implement the client with exit block """
self.close()
def idle_time(self):
"""
Bus Idle Time to initiate next transaction
:return: time stamp
"""
if self.last_frame_end is None or self.silent_interval is None:
return 0
return self.last_frame_end + self.silent_interval
def debug_enabled(self):
"""
Returns a boolean indicating if debug is enabled.
"""
return self._debug
def set_debug(self, debug):
"""
Sets the current debug flag.
"""
self._debug = debug
def trace(self, writeable):
if writeable:
self.set_debug(True)
self._debugfd = writeable
def _dump(self, data, direction):
fd = self._debugfd if self._debugfd else sys.stdout
try:
fd.write(hexlify_packets(data))
except Exception as e:
_logger.debug(hexlify_packets(data))
_logger.exception(e)
def register(self, function):
"""
Registers a function and sub function class with the decoder
:param function: Custom function class to register
:return:
"""
self.framer.decoder.register(function)
def __str__(self):
""" Builds a string representation of the connection
:returns: The string representation
"""
return "Null Transport"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Modbus TCP Client Transport Implementation
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
class ModbusTcpClient(BaseModbusClient):
""" Implementation of a modbus tcp client
"""
def __init__(self, host='127.0.0.1', port=Defaults.Port,
framer=ModbusSocketFramer, **kwargs):
""" Initialize a client instance
:param host: The host to connect to (default 127.0.0.1)
:param port: The modbus port to connect to (default 502)
:param source_address: The source address tuple to bind to (default ('', 0))
:param timeout: The timeout to use for this socket (default Defaults.Timeout)
:param framer: The modbus framer to use (default ModbusSocketFramer)
.. note:: The host argument will accept ipv4 and ipv6 hosts
"""
self.host = host
self.port = port
self.source_address = kwargs.get('source_address', ('', 0))
self.socket = None
self.timeout = kwargs.get('timeout', Defaults.Timeout)
BaseModbusClient.__init__(self, framer(ClientDecoder(), self), **kwargs)
def connect(self):
""" Connect to the modbus tcp server
:returns: True if connection succeeded, False otherwise
"""
if self.socket:
return True
try:
self.socket = socket.create_connection(
(self.host, self.port),
timeout=self.timeout,
source_address=self.source_address)
_logger.debug("Connection to Modbus server established. "
"Socket {}".format(self.socket.getsockname()))
except socket.error as msg:
_logger.error('Connection to (%s, %s) '
'failed: %s' % (self.host, self.port, msg))
self.close()
return self.socket is not None
def close(self):
""" Closes the underlying socket connection
"""
if self.socket:
self.socket.close()
self.socket = None
def _check_read_buffer(self, recv_size=None):
time_ = time.time()
end = time_ + self.timeout
data = None
ready = select.select([self.socket], [], [], end - time_)
if ready[0]:
data = self.socket.recv(1024)
return data
def _send(self, request):
""" Sends data on the underlying socket
:param request: The encoded request to send
:return: The number of bytes written
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
if self.state == ModbusTransactionState.RETRYING:
data = self._check_read_buffer()
if data:
return data
if request:
return self.socket.send(request)
return 0
def _recv(self, size):
""" Reads data from the underlying descriptor
:param size: The number of bytes to read
:return: The bytes read if the peer sent a response, or a zero-length
response if no data packets were received from the client at
all.
:raises: ConnectionException if the socket is not initialized, or the
peer either has closed the connection before this method is
invoked or closes it before sending any data before timeout.
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
# socket.recv(size) waits until it gets some data from the host but
# not necessarily the entire response that can be fragmented in
# many packets.
# To avoid the splitted responses to be recognized as invalid
# messages and to be discarded, loops socket.recv until full data
# is received or timeout is expired.
# If timeout expires returns the read data, also if its length is
# less than the expected size.
self.socket.setblocking(0)
timeout = self.timeout
# If size isn't specified read up to 4096 bytes at a time.
if size is None:
recv_size = 4096
else:
recv_size = size
data = []
data_length = 0
time_ = time.time()
end = time_ + timeout
while recv_size > 0:
ready = select.select([self.socket], [], [], end - time_)
if ready[0]:
recv_data = self.socket.recv(recv_size)
if recv_data == b'':
return self._handle_abrupt_socket_close(
size, data, time.time() - time_)
data.append(recv_data)
data_length += len(recv_data)
time_ = time.time()
# If size isn't specified continue to read until timeout expires.
if size:
recv_size = size - data_length
# Timeout is reduced also if some data has been received in order
# to avoid infinite loops when there isn't an expected response
# size and the slave sends noisy data continuously.
if time_ > end:
break
return b"".join(data)
def _handle_abrupt_socket_close(self, size, data, duration):
""" Handle unexpected socket close by remote end
Intended to be invoked after determining that the remote end
has unexpectedly closed the connection, to clean up and handle
the situation appropriately.
:param size: The number of bytes that was attempted to read
:param data: The actual data returned
:param duration: Duration from the read was first attempted
until it was determined that the remote closed the
socket
:return: The more than zero bytes read from the remote end
:raises: ConnectionException If the remote end didn't send any
data at all before closing the connection.
"""
self.close()
readsize = ("read of %s bytes" % size if size
else "unbounded read")
msg = ("%s: Connection unexpectedly closed "
"%.6f seconds into %s" % (self, duration, readsize))
if data:
result = b"".join(data)
msg += " after returning %s bytes" % len(result)
_logger.warning(msg)
return result
msg += " without response from unit before it closed connection"
raise ConnectionException(msg)
def is_socket_open(self):
return True if self.socket is not None else False
def __str__(self):
""" Builds a string representation of the connection
:returns: The string representation
"""
return "ModbusTcpClient(%s:%s)" % (self.host, self.port)
def __repr__(self):
return (
"<{} at {} socket={self.socket}, ipaddr={self.host}, "
"port={self.port}, timeout={self.timeout}>"
).format(self.__class__.__name__, hex(id(self)), self=self)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Modbus TLS Client Transport Implementation
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
class ModbusTlsClient(ModbusTcpClient):
""" Implementation of a modbus tls client
"""
def __init__(self, host='localhost', port=Defaults.TLSPort, sslctx=None,
framer=ModbusTlsFramer, **kwargs):
""" Initialize a client instance
:param host: The host to connect to (default localhost)
:param port: The modbus port to connect to (default 802)
:param sslctx: The SSLContext to use for TLS (default None and auto create)
:param source_address: The source address tuple to bind to (default ('', 0))
:param timeout: The timeout to use for this socket (default Defaults.Timeout)
:param framer: The modbus framer to use (default ModbusSocketFramer)
.. note:: The host argument will accept ipv4 and ipv6 hosts
"""
self.sslctx = sslctx
if self.sslctx is None:
self.sslctx = ssl.create_default_context()
# According to MODBUS/TCP Security Protocol Specification, it is
# TLSv2 at least
self.sslctx.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1_1
self.sslctx.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1
self.sslctx.options |= ssl.OP_NO_SSLv3
self.sslctx.options |= ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2
ModbusTcpClient.__init__(self, host, port, framer, **kwargs)
def connect(self):
""" Connect to the modbus tls server
:returns: True if connection succeeded, False otherwise
"""
if self.socket: return True
try:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind(self.source_address)
self.socket = self.sslctx.wrap_socket(sock, server_side=False,
server_hostname=self.host)
self.socket.settimeout(self.timeout)
self.socket.connect((self.host, self.port))
except socket.error as msg:
_logger.error('Connection to (%s, %s) '
'failed: %s' % (self.host, self.port, msg))
self.close()
return self.socket is not None
def _recv(self, size):
""" Reads data from the underlying descriptor
:param size: The number of bytes to read
:return: The bytes read
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
# socket.recv(size) waits until it gets some data from the host but
# not necessarily the entire response that can be fragmented in
# many packets.
# To avoid the splitted responses to be recognized as invalid
# messages and to be discarded, loops socket.recv until full data
# is received or timeout is expired.
# If timeout expires returns the read data, also if its length is
# less than the expected size.
timeout = self.timeout
# If size isn't specified read 1 byte at a time.
if size is None:
recv_size = 1
else:
recv_size = size
data = b''
time_ = time.time()
end = time_ + timeout
while recv_size > 0:
data += self.socket.recv(recv_size)
time_ = time.time()
# If size isn't specified continue to read until timeout expires.
if size:
recv_size = size - len(data)
# Timeout is reduced also if some data has been received in order
# to avoid infinite loops when there isn't an expected response
# size and the slave sends noisy data continuously.
if time_ > end:
break
return data
def __str__(self):
""" Builds a string representation of the connection
:returns: The string representation
"""
return "ModbusTlsClient(%s:%s)" % (self.host, self.port)
def __repr__(self):
return (
"<{} at {} socket={self.socket}, ipaddr={self.host}, "
"port={self.port}, sslctx={self.sslctx}, timeout={self.timeout}>"
).format(self.__class__.__name__, hex(id(self)), self=self)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Modbus UDP Client Transport Implementation
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
class ModbusUdpClient(BaseModbusClient):
""" Implementation of a modbus udp client
"""
def __init__(self, host='127.0.0.1', port=Defaults.Port,
framer=ModbusSocketFramer, **kwargs):
""" Initialize a client instance
:param host: The host to connect to (default 127.0.0.1)
:param port: The modbus port to connect to (default 502)
:param framer: The modbus framer to use (default ModbusSocketFramer)
:param timeout: The timeout to use for this socket (default None)
"""
self.host = host
self.port = port
self.socket = None
self.timeout = kwargs.get('timeout', None)
BaseModbusClient.__init__(self, framer(ClientDecoder(), self), **kwargs)
@classmethod
def _get_address_family(cls, address):
""" A helper method to get the correct address family
for a given address.
:param address: The address to get the af for
:returns: AF_INET for ipv4 and AF_INET6 for ipv6
"""
try:
_ = socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, address)
except socket.error: # not a valid ipv6 address
return socket.AF_INET
return socket.AF_INET6
def connect(self):
""" Connect to the modbus tcp server
:returns: True if connection succeeded, False otherwise
"""
if self.socket:
return True
try:
family = ModbusUdpClient._get_address_family(self.host)
self.socket = socket.socket(family, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
self.socket.settimeout(self.timeout)
except socket.error as ex:
_logger.error('Unable to create udp socket %s' % ex)
self.close()
return self.socket is not None
def close(self):
""" Closes the underlying socket connection
"""
self.socket = None
def _send(self, request):
""" Sends data on the underlying socket
:param request: The encoded request to send
:return: The number of bytes written
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
if request:
return self.socket.sendto(request, (self.host, self.port))
return 0
def _recv(self, size):
""" Reads data from the underlying descriptor
:param size: The number of bytes to read
:return: The bytes read
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
return self.socket.recvfrom(size)[0]
def is_socket_open(self):
if self.socket:
return True
return self.connect()
def __str__(self):
""" Builds a string representation of the connection
:returns: The string representation
"""
return "ModbusUdpClient(%s:%s)" % (self.host, self.port)
def __repr__(self):
return (
"<{} at {} socket={self.socket}, ipaddr={self.host}, "
"port={self.port}, timeout={self.timeout}>"
).format(self.__class__.__name__, hex(id(self)), self=self)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Modbus Serial Client Transport Implementation
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
class ModbusSerialClient(BaseModbusClient):
""" Implementation of a modbus serial client
"""
state = ModbusTransactionState.IDLE
inter_char_timeout = 0
silent_interval = 0
def __init__(self, method='ascii', **kwargs):
""" Initialize a serial client instance
The methods to connect are::
- ascii
- rtu
- binary
:param method: The method to use for connection
:param port: The serial port to attach to
:param stopbits: The number of stop bits to use
:param bytesize: The bytesize of the serial messages
:param parity: Which kind of parity to use
:param baudrate: The baud rate to use for the serial device
:param timeout: The timeout between serial requests (default 3s)
:param strict: Use Inter char timeout for baudrates <= 19200 (adhere
to modbus standards)
:param handle_local_echo: Handle local echo of the USB-to-RS485 adaptor
"""
self.method = method
self.socket = None
BaseModbusClient.__init__(self, self.__implementation(method, self),
**kwargs)
self.port = kwargs.get('port', 0)
self.stopbits = kwargs.get('stopbits', Defaults.Stopbits)
self.bytesize = kwargs.get('bytesize', Defaults.Bytesize)
self.parity = kwargs.get('parity', Defaults.Parity)
self.baudrate = kwargs.get('baudrate', Defaults.Baudrate)
self.timeout = kwargs.get('timeout', Defaults.Timeout)
self._strict = kwargs.get("strict", False)
self.last_frame_end = None
self.handle_local_echo = kwargs.get("handle_local_echo", False)
if self.method == "rtu":
if self.baudrate > 19200:
self.silent_interval = 1.75 / 1000 # ms
else:
self._t0 = float((1 + 8 + 2)) / self.baudrate
self.inter_char_timeout = 1.5 * self._t0
self.silent_interval = 3.5 * self._t0
self.silent_interval = round(self.silent_interval, 6)
@staticmethod
def __implementation(method, client):
""" Returns the requested framer
:method: The serial framer to instantiate
:returns: The requested serial framer
"""
method = method.lower()
if method == 'ascii':
return ModbusAsciiFramer(ClientDecoder(), client)
elif method == 'rtu':
return ModbusRtuFramer(ClientDecoder(), client)
elif method == 'binary':
return ModbusBinaryFramer(ClientDecoder(), client)
elif method == 'socket':
return ModbusSocketFramer(ClientDecoder(), client)
raise ParameterException("Invalid framer method requested")
def connect(self):
""" Connect to the modbus serial server
:returns: True if connection succeeded, False otherwise
"""
import serial
if self.socket:
return True
try:
self.socket = serial.serial_for_url(self.port,
timeout=self.timeout,
bytesize=self.bytesize,
stopbits=self.stopbits,
baudrate=self.baudrate,
parity=self.parity)
if self.method == "rtu":
if self._strict:
self.socket.interCharTimeout = self.inter_char_timeout
self.last_frame_end = None
except serial.SerialException as msg:
_logger.error(msg)
self.close()
return self.socket is not None
def close(self):
""" Closes the underlying socket connection
"""
if self.socket:
self.socket.close()
self.socket = None
def _in_waiting(self):
in_waiting = ("in_waiting" if hasattr(
self.socket, "in_waiting") else "inWaiting")
if in_waiting == "in_waiting":
waitingbytes = getattr(self.socket, in_waiting)
else:
waitingbytes = getattr(self.socket, in_waiting)()
return waitingbytes
def _send(self, request):
""" Sends data on the underlying socket
If receive buffer still holds some data then flush it.
Sleep if last send finished less than 3.5 character
times ago.
:param request: The encoded request to send
:return: The number of bytes written
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
if request:
try:
waitingbytes = self._in_waiting()
if waitingbytes:
result = self.socket.read(waitingbytes)
if self.state == ModbusTransactionState.RETRYING:
_logger.debug("Sending available data in recv "
"buffer {}".format(
hexlify_packets(result)))
return result
if _logger.isEnabledFor(logging.WARNING):
_logger.warning("Cleanup recv buffer before "
"send: " + hexlify_packets(result))
except NotImplementedError:
pass
if self.state != ModbusTransactionState.SENDING:
_logger.debug("New Transaction state 'SENDING'")
self.state = ModbusTransactionState.SENDING
size = self.socket.write(request)
return size
return 0
def _wait_for_data(self):
size = 0
more_data = False
if self.timeout is not None and self.timeout != 0:
condition = partial(lambda start, timeout:
(time.time() - start) <= timeout,
timeout=self.timeout)
else:
condition = partial(lambda dummy1, dummy2: True, dummy2=None)
start = time.time()
while condition(start):
avaialble = self._in_waiting()
if (more_data and not avaialble) or (more_data and avaialble == size):
break
if avaialble and avaialble != size:
more_data = True
size = avaialble
time.sleep(0.01)
return size
def _recv(self, size):
""" Reads data from the underlying descriptor
:param size: The number of bytes to read
:return: The bytes read
"""
if not self.socket:
raise ConnectionException(self.__str__())
if size is None:
size = self._wait_for_data()
result = self.socket.read(size)
return result
def is_socket_open(self):
if self.socket:
if hasattr(self.socket, "is_open"):
return self.socket.is_open
else:
return self.socket.isOpen()
return False
def __str__(self):
""" Builds a string representation of the connection
:returns: The string representation
"""
return "ModbusSerialClient(%s baud[%s])" % (self.method, self.baudrate)
def __repr__(self):
return (
"<{} at {} socket={self.socket}, method={self.method}, "
"timeout={self.timeout}>"
).format(self.__class__.__name__, hex(id(self)), self=self)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Exported symbols
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
__all__ = [
"ModbusTcpClient", "ModbusTlsClient", "ModbusUdpClient", "ModbusSerialClient"
]